叉车的安全操作规程 Safety operating procedures for forklifts
操作前检查规范
1.通用检查项目
外观检查：车身无明显碰撞变形，货叉无裂纹、弯曲，轮胎无明显磨损。
系统检查：灯光、喇叭、制动系统、仪表报警装置需功能正常。
安全装置：安全带、护顶架等防护设备完好有效。
2.专项检查要求
电动叉车：电池组连接牢固，电解液液位正常，电缆无破损老化。
内燃叉车：燃油充足无泄漏，机油油位正常，发动机运行平稳无异常噪音。
装卸作业安全
1.货物搬运准则
货叉应深入货物底部，两叉间距均衡，载重不超过额定载荷中心值。
装卸时需完全制动，升降操作平稳，禁止用货叉举升人员或拖拽车辆。
2.高风险作业防护
超限货物搬运：设置警示标志，安排专人指挥，倒车行驶保障视线。
危险品运输：使用防爆型叉车，严格遵守危化品操作规范。
Pre operation inspection standards
1. General inspection items
Appearance inspection: There is no obvious collision deformation on the vehicle body, no cracks or bends on the forks, and no obvious wear on the tires.
System inspection: The lighting, horn, braking system, and instrument alarm devices must be functioning properly.
Safety devices: Safety belts, roof guards, and other protective equipment are intact and effective.
2. Special inspection requirements
Electric forklift: The battery pack is firmly connected, the electrolyte level is normal, and the cables are not damaged or aged.
Internal combustion forklift: sufficient fuel without leakage, normal oil level, stable engine operation without abnormal noise.
Safe loading and unloading operations
1. Guidelines for cargo handling
Forks should be inserted deep into the bottom of the cargo, with a balanced distance between the two forks, and the load should not exceed the rated load center value.
During loading and unloading, complete braking is required, and the lifting operation should be smooth. It is prohibited to use forks to lift personnel or drag vehicles.
2. Protection against high-risk operations
Oversized cargo handling: Set up warning signs, assign dedicated personnel to command, and reverse drive to ensure visibility.
Dangerous goods transportation: Use explosion-proof forklifts and strictly comply with hazardous chemical operation regulations.
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